differences in TOEFL and TOEIC

TOEFL
TOEFL stands for Test of Home as a Foreign Language. This is a test of English as a foreign language. These tests test the ability of a person to the extent to which mastery of English that includes the ability: Listening Comprehension (Comprehension in listening), Structure and Written Exxpression (Structure and expression in writing relating to the Home Grammar or Grammar English (Reading Comprehension (Reading Comprehension), and Writing (Writing).
The Test of English as a Foreign Language, or TOEFL (pronounced /ˈtoʊfəl/ TOH-fəl), evaluates the ability of an individual to use and understand English in an academic setting. It sometimes is an admission requirement for non-native English speakers at many English-speaking colleges and universities. Additionally, institutions such as government agencies, licensing bodies, businesses, or scholarship programs may require this test. A TOEFL score is valid for two years and then will no longer be officially reported[1] since a candidate's language proficiency could have significantly changed since the date of the test.[citation needed] Colleges and universities usually consider only the most recent TOEFL score.
The TOEFL test is a registered trademark of Educational Testing Service (ETS) and is administered worldwide. The test was first administered in 1964 and has since been taken by more than 23 million students. The test was originally developed at the Center for Applied Linguistics under the direction of Stanford University applied linguistics professor Dr. Charles A. Ferguson.[2]
Policies governing the TOEFL program are formulated with advice from a 16-member board. Board members are affiliated with undergraduate and graduate schools, 2-year institutions and public or private agencies with an interest in international education. Other members are specialists in the field of English as a foreign or second language.
The TOEFL Committee of Examiners is composed of 12 specialists in linguistics, language testing, teaching or research. Its main responsibility is to advise on TOEFL test content. The committee helps ensure the test is a valid measure of English language proficiency reflecting current trends and methodologies.
1. The ability of any tested in TOEFL test?
There are three parts of the TOEFL test to be done by test participants. The first part is the questions that measure the ability of Listening Comprehension in the number of 50 questions, Structure & Written Expression, 40 questions, and Reading Comprehension, 50 questions. The entire matter was made in the form of multiple choice (except for the Computer Based TOEFL test is a matter of the essay writing ability of participants in English and other variations to match the form of questions such as, to highlight certain words in connection with the main idea of a reading, etc..). The entire test takes place in time approximately 150 minutes, for the Paper and Pencil Based TOEFL, and approximately 240 minutes for the Computer Based TOEFL. A relatively long time for the Computer Based TOEFL tutorials are included procedures.

1. How many kinds of TOEFL test?
There are two types of TOEFL tests, namely 1) Paper and Pencil-Based TOEFL, and 2) Computer-Based TOEFL. Type the first TOEFL test is the TOEFL test that we know so far, where both questions and answers done by using paper and pencil. While the second type of TOEFL test is a relatively new test model because it was first introduced in 1998. As stated in its name, this test uses a computer in the delivery of and participant test because these tests also will answer via the computer.

1. In addition to the above two types of tests, whether there are other types of TOEFL test?
For the purposes of pre-selection or internal use of an institution, then the ETS as a developer and provider agency also conducts TOEFL TOEFL ITP (ITP = Institutional Testing Programme). The number of questions and level of difficulty did not differ with ITP TOEFL Paper and Pencil-Based TOEFL and the Computer Based TOEFL, because the questions used in the TOEFL ITP TOEFL test is a matter that has been used before. Differences need to know by those who plan to follow the TOEFL test is that the score obtained from the TOEFL ITP in its use is limited. Universities and colleges in America, for example, will only accept scores from the TOEFL Paper and Pencil-Based or Computer Based TOEFL. Another difference is in terms of test cost. Currently, the cost of Paper and Pencil-Based TOEFL and the Computer Based TOEFL is U.S. $ 110, while the TOEFL ITP is relatively cheaper cost of U.S. $ 25. There should also note that the Paper and Pencil-Based TOEFL and the Computer Based TOEFL Test Center is only held in particular with the schedule of tests that have been determined in advance, while the TOEFL ITP implementation is more flexible schedule and in Indonesia is conducted by the IIEF (The Indonesian International Education Foundation) with coordinate with the central language in public universities.
In addition to TOEFL ITP, there is also a TOEFL Prediction / Equivalent Test that is usually used to estimate the TOEFL score before the relevant person take another TOEFL test (TOEFL Paper and Pencil-Based, Computer Based TOEFL, TOEFL ITP). Type Prediction TOEFL test is generally conducted by the institute / center language or places that hold training courses TOEFL.

Is there a difference in the scoring system based TOEFL Paper and Pencil, Computer Based TOEFL, ITP TOEFL and TOEFL Prediction Test?
True, rating or scoring system used for the Paper and Pencil-Based TOEFL, TOEFL ITP, TOEFL Prediction Test and the Computer Based TOEFL is different. This is done of course with the intention to avoid misunderstandings in the interpretation of test scores reported by participants. The range of scores used by the Paper and Pencil-Based TOEFL, TOEFL ITP, and TOEFL Prediction Test is 310 (lowest score) up to 677 (highest score), whereas for the Computer Based TOEFL, the lowest value is 0 and the highest value of 300 (TOEFL Score User Guide , 2000-2001). About the overall level of difficulty for this type of course the same test, so it can be said those who obtain a score of 677 on the TOEFL Paper and Pencil Based expected to obtain a score of 300 on Computer Based TOEFL, and vice versa if a participant obtained a score of 213 tests in the TOEFL test that uses computer (Computer Based TOEFL), the corresponding score on the Paper and Pencil-Based TOEFL is 550.


How is the relationship of scores obtained by the level of one's mastery of English?
In general, we recognize three levels of mastery of foreign languages, namely Basic Level (Elementary), Intermediate Level (Intermediate) and Advanced (Advanced). TOEFL score, experts typically classify the language of this score into the following four levels (Carson, et al., 1990):
• Elementary Level (Elementary): 310 s.d. 420
• Lower Secondary Level (Low Intermediate): 420 sd 480
• Secondary Level (High Intermediate): 480 sd 520
• Advanced Level (Advanced): 525 677 s.d
From the classification score above, may arise if the TOEFL test questions given to American students, for example, whether they will have difficulty working on the TOEFL questions? Studies conducted by Johnson (1977) mentions that the average scores obtained by 173 first and second year students at the University of Tennessee, United States, is 628. That is, for English speakers themselves, the questions TOEFL can be done easily, as evidenced from which they obtained a score at the level of Proficient or Advanced.
By knowing the classification level of mastery of English, as seen above, we can certainly understand why it seems reasonable that universities in countries that use English as its official language, requires a certain TOEFL score for the candidate of their international students. To be accepted in S1, they commonly set score is approximately 475 sd 550, whereas for S2 and S3 program entry requirements TOEFLnya scores be higher, around 550 sd 600.
Questions are often raised in discussion forums English teachers in Indonesia is what should be the mastery of English a student in Indonesia so they can add to scientific knowledge through reading, written in English? Mastery at the level of Primary (Elementary) would not contribute significantly to the students in Indonesia in terms of efforts to increase knowledge through textbooks / written knowledge in English. Required minimum mastery level of Senior Secondary (High Intermediate) so the students can absorb the course material is written in English with relative ease.
Several universities in Indonesia has set a certain TOEFL score for its students (Huda, 1999). In connection with efforts to improve the quality of college graduates, a regulation requiring college students have a mastery of the TOEFL to a certain extent is expected to have a positive impact and we should support. A good mastery of English are expected to increase the ability to think and work on a global level, the working conditions in the future we need to prepare from now.

When and where someone could take the TOEFL test?
Paper and Pencil-Based TOEFL and the Computer Based TOEFL can be taken only at a certain time that has been scheduled long before the test was held. Place or testing center where both tests are held also been determined by the ETS as a licensee TOEFL test. Both kinds of TOEFL tests are held on a specific testing center tsb. also called the International TOEFL. This is intended to distinguish between them with ITP TOEFL and TOEFL Equivalent / Prediction.
As for the ITP TOEFL, test participants should contact the institution that has been designated by the IIEF Jakarta as a place of execution. For the implementation of the ITP TOEFL is required of participants at least 10 people. Unmul Language Institute since 2001 is one institution that has the right conduct TOEFL ITP.
Type of TOEFL test Prediction / Equivalent is the most flexible type of test implementation. In the Hall of Languages Unmul, this test also a test of the most widely followed by those who want to measure mastery of English for various purposes. Every time the test participant can take the test by contacting Hall of Languages Unmul at least one day before the day of operation.

TOEIC is the acronym for Test of Home for International Communication. TOEIC test is an English proficiency test for people who native language is not English. TOEIC test scores indicate how well people can communicate in English with others in the global work environment. The test requires no specialized knowledge or vocabulary, these tests only measure the kind of English used in everyday activities.

TOEIC test is a proficiency test in English that's leading the world in the context of the global work environment. More than 4,000 companies around the world use the TOEIC test, and more than 2 million people registered to take this test every year.
Like what TOEIC test format?
TOEIC test is a test of multiple choice, paper and pencil for two hours which consists of 200 questions divided into two parts separate times:

Part I: Listening Comprehension

This section consists of 100 questions and is divided into four sections. Test participants heard a recording of statements, questions, short conversations, and a brief explanation, then answer questions based on segments of hearing. The Listening section takes approximately 45 minutes.

Part 1: Photographs

Part 2: Questions and Response

Part 3: Short Conversations

Part 4: Short Talks
20 items (4 - choice)

30 items (3-choice)

30 items (4-choice)

20 items (4-choice)

Part II: Reading

The Reading section consists of 100 questions presented in written format in the test booklet. Participants read various materials and answer questions based on their own pace according to the reading material itself. Entire sections requires 75 minutes reading.
Part 5: Incomplete Sentences 40 items (4-choice)
Part 6: Error Recognition 20 items (4-choice)
Part 7: Reading Comprehension 40 items (4-choice)

Participants answered questions by marking one of the letters (A), (B), (C), (D) with a pencil on the answer to a separate valley. Although the actual testing time is approximately two hours of extra time it takes participants to complete the biographical questions on the answer sheet and respond to a brief questionnaire about their education and work history.

What are the contents of the TOEIC test?
TOEIC test is designed to meet the needs of the working world. Test questions are developed from examples of spoken and written language collected from various countries around the world where English is used in the workplace. Test questions and the atmosphere contains many different situations, such as:

General business - contracts, negotiations, marketing, sales, business planning, conferences.
Manufacturing - plant management, assembly lines, pengandalian quality.
Finance and budgeting - banking, investment, taxation, accounting, billing

Corporate development - research, product development.

Offices - board meetings, committees, correspondence, memoranda, telephone, fax, and messages e-mail, equipment and office furniture, office procedures.

Personnel - receiving, hiring, pension, salaries, promotions, job applications, advertising.

Purchasing - shopping, ordering supplies, deliveries, invoices

Technical areas - electronics, technology, specifications, buying and renting, electric and gas service.

Travel - trains, planes, taxis, buses, ships, ferries, tickets, schedules, announcements stations and airports, car rental, hotel, reservations, delays and delays.

Dining out - business and informal lunches, banquets, receptions, restaurant reservations.

Entertainment-movies, theater, music, art, media

Health-medical insurance, visiting doctors, dentists, clinics and hospitals.

Although the language of the above scenes explores the context of the exam questions, participants are not required to know the vocabulary of business and technical special. TOEIC test suitable for use in all environments where English is used by native speakers of other languages.
Who took the test?

TOEIC test takers, including:

people who use English in various situations of everyday work, such as commerce, hotels, hospitals, restaurants, aircraft industry, international meetings, conventions, and sporting activities

managerial employees, sales, technical and international business, commerce, and industry where English proficiency is required

people professional training will be conducted in English.

people who want to have a measurement of English proficiency that is recognized internationally for a resume or curriculum vitae.
Who uses the TOEIC test and how tests were used?
Organisations
TOEIC test has become an international standard for many organizations around the world who want to evaluate the English proficiency of prospective workers or permanent employees.

-Use the appropriate use of TOEIC test within organizations including:

Acceptance, promotion, and placement of employees - Organizations may use the TOEIC test to determine a score standards, or benchmarks, which is based on levels of English needed to carry out certain responsibilities. Benchmarks are then used in making personnel decisions.

Technical training - TOEIC test scores can be used to determine whether a person has adequate English proficiency to follow or get the benefits of training are conducted in English.

The tasks abroad - TOEIC test scores to indicate whether an employee will be able to work and interact successfully if assigned to an English speaking country.
Language training - TOEIC test scores can be used to identify employees who need English language training at a higher level, to set goals for their learning, and to check their progress.
Intensive English Program, English Language Program managers found that the TOEIC test is a very good placement tool and a valuable measuring tool after training.
School-Many Universities and institutions of higher education requires that students take the TOEIC test before graduation.

Who developed the TOEIC test?
Educational Test Service ® (ETS ®), an organization that dedicates itself to educational measurement and research in educational policy and psychometrics, designing and creating TOIC tests in 1979 on request Japanese business leaders. Over the years, the TOEIC test adopted by many other countries and is fast becoming the global standard for the determination of English proficiency in the context of related work.

Who makes the TOEIC test?
The Chauncey Group International Ltd.., A subsidiary of ETS, to develop and publish the TOEIC test. The Chauncey Group International is a testing company that specializes in professional licensing exams and certification of skills and advancement in the workplace. The Chauncey Group International Headquarters is located in Princeton, New Jersey, USA; its European office (Chauncey Group Europe SA) was in Paris, France.

What is the difference between TOEIC and TOEFL test?
TOEIC and TOEFL test was developed to serve different purposes. Therefore, the design, content, context and scope of proficiency that each measured by each test is also different. TOEFL test was created by the Educational Testing Service for foreign students who wish to enter colleges and universities in North America. The student who plans to take the title of stratum 1 or stratum 2 in North America will try to take the TOEFL test. Organizations that require English proficiency for employees and individuals who want to demonstrate their ability items can English in the workplace would prefer to use the TOEIC test

How is the TOEIC test graded?
Each candidate uses a pencil to mark answers on the answer sheet. Scores are determined by the number of questions answered correctly. The number of correct responses on the Listening Comprehension and Reading Sections (Listening and Reading Comprehension sections) is converted into a number on a scale from 5 to 495. By adding these two sections, it will obtain a total score based on a scale that ranged from 10 to 990. There is no reduction for the wrong answer.

What does the TOEIC test score?
When you register for the TOEIC test, you will receive a TOEIC Examinee Handbook. This handbook provides information on the TOEIC test score and how scores are used in various international settings.
How do I register to take the TOEIC test or obtain infomrasi about taking tests?
TOEIC test is available worldwide. TOEIC testing most often arranged through corporations or other organsisasi ask employees or job applicants to take the TOEIC test. If testing has not been provided by your organization, please contact your local TOEIC representative to find out when and where you can take the test.

Tugas Bahasa Inggris

Simple present tense
She studies Physics and Mathematics every Thrusday.
Subject + verb (dalam bentuk infinitive) + …

Present continous tense
Mother is watering flowers now.
Subject + am/is/are + verb – ing (present participle) + …

Present perfect tense
our family have occupied this house for 10 years.
Subject + have / has + past participle + ….

Present Perfect Continous Tense
My brother been working in Japan for 7 years.
Subject + have / has + been + verb – ing + …

Simple past tense
Veronica bought this house 7 years ago.
Subject + verb (bentuk lampau) + ….

Past Continous Tense
I was cleaning the house at 9.00 o’clock yesterday morning.
Subject + was/were + verb-ing (present participle) + …

Past Perfect Tense
He had sold the car when I came to see it yesterday afternoon.
Subject + had + past participle … Subject + verb (past form) + …
Lalu, kedua rumusan di atas disambung dengan kata penghubung seperti “when, before, atau after.”

past perfect tense
Diana had been typing the monthly report for 2 hours at 11 o’clock this morning.
Subject + had + been + verb-ing (present participle) + ….

simple future tense
Mrs. Lia will give me special gift tomorrow.
Subject + will + verb (infinitive) + …

future continous tense
I am going to write a letter tonight.
Subject + am/is/are + going to + verb (infinitive tanpa to) + …

perfect continous tense
Sarah will be leaving her grandmother’s house if her grandfather come home at 5.00 o’clock this afternoon.
Subject + shall/will + be + ver-ing (present participle) + …
future perfect tense
Fita will have completed her work by the end of January.
Subject + will + have + past participle + …

future perfect continous tense
When Lala arrives this morning, I will have been sleeping for 1 hour.
Subject + shall/will + have + been + verb-ing + …

Simple Present Tense
Farmers in Jati Bali grow rice crops twice a year.
singular verb [verb1 + (s atau es)]

Simple Present Tense
Some students usually conduct research on vegetative plant propagations.
singular verb [verb1 + (s atau es)]

Simple present tense
untuk menyatakan kejadian-kejadian yang terjadi secara reguler (regular happening).
The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.
The full moon comes every 30 days.
The planet earth takes 365 days to rotate the sun.

Friday prayers held once a week


untuk menyatakan kebiasan-kebiasaan yang dilakukan oleh subject kalimat (habitual action); Kebiasaan-kebiasaan tersebut masih berlangsung sampai sekarang dan (mungkin) akan terus berlanjut ke masa yang akan datang (future).

My son always goes to school on foot.

Mr. Bain usually plays badminton every Sunday morning but he did not show up last Sunday.

Mr. Budi always drives a car to the office.


Untuk menyatakan argumen atau teori yang sudah diakui kebenarannya.

The prices of goods always increase when the good availabilities drop in market.

Solar radiation is required during photosynthesis.

Twenty-five devided by five is equal to five.



Nama : Wisnu Wibowo
NPM : 21208295
Kelas : 3EB06

UNIVERSITAS GUNADARMA

Euphoria Football national teams INDONESIA

Since Cup ASEAN Football Federation (AFF) since 1 December 2010, millions of Indonesian society as made mesmerized by the slick appearance Garuda national team. Play attacking, attractive, scoring many goals and the presence of two indo players on the team, Irfan Bachdim (number 17) and Christian Gonzalez (number 9), making the national team into the chat material that had never been discussed.

Even Irfan Bachdim, Bambang Pamungkas (number 20) until Ariel Suyono (number 14) could be a Trending Topic Worldwide on microblogging site Twitter. Brilliant results Indonesian national team during the preliminary round AFF Cup 2010 Group A could not be separated from the role of head coach Alfred Riedl (61), and two assistants, Wolfgang Pikal and Widodo C Putro. Riedl is known for his harsh discipline and child in galvanizing national team during a workout or when giving instructions in the locker room and sidelines.

Not infrequently some star players who do not exercise discipline during the taxable Riedl spicy mouth spray. Strict punishment ever handed down to several national team players who are considered not obey the rules, begin to pay a fine of up to tens of times told to push-ups on the edge of the practice field.

Riedl of the most courageous decision is to cross out the name of Boaz Salosa white red nucleus of the squad. Boaz all along this is a star in his club Persipura Jayapura and also retainer national team for five years. Boaz also have the skills to play the ball above the average of Indonesian players.
Unfortunately Boaz assessed Riedl has a difficult temperament is set.

Riedl also not immune to a handful of management intervention in policy determination PSSI team squad and tactics were implemented. Men passports Austria had always insisted that all decisions concerning the selection of players, strategies, tactics, the portion of the exercise to the diet, determined by it.

The result: Malaysia diganyang with the score 5-1, Laos humiliated by a landslide numbers 6-0 and Indonesia can defeat this nemesis for Thailand with a score of 2-1.

Most recently, national team capable of beating the Philippines in 2010 AFF Cup semifinals with 1-0 first goal by Chris Gonzales .. Philippines who were trained by British coach Simon McMenemy transformed into a strong team in Southeast Asia. Philippine Football Federation policy by conducting eight players naturalization of foreigners produce instant achievement, the first time into semifinals at AFF Cup (formerly the Tiger Cup-ed).

But hard work was not completed national team. The victory by one goal difference Indonesia would not guarantee to qualify for the Finals. As Indonesia and the Philippines will again meet in the semifinals both on December 19, 2010.
If the Philippines scored one goal or even win, had vanished all the happiness that is felt by players and people of Indonesia.
A number of improvements must be done by coaches and players.

Like the national team back line is several times less coordination. Heart Duet defense Maman Abdurrahman (back number 5) and Hamka Hamzah (number 23) must be diligent, industrious communicate. Both also have to be more often told goalkeeper Markus Horison reckless not to guard the goal Indonesia. Several times Mark's decision advanced far ahead almost creating a goal for the opposing team.

For the midfield and front Indonesia stamina factor that fit must be maintained. Then play a selfish attitude, as shown several times Oktovianus Maniani (number 10) and Irfan Bachdim should not be repeated again. Interests and the team victory is everything!
In addition to thank the coaches and players who berjibaku in the field, also deserve two thumbs acungan addressed to the red and white supporters. 40 thousand to 70 thousand spectators was never tired of singing and cheering during the watch and support the Indonesian national team at the Bung Karno Stadium (GBK) the legendary Senayan.

Even the Philippines also admired the fanaticism of thousands of spectators in attendance at the GBK when melakoni Semifinal round first.
All this euphoria momentum must be maintained up to Indonesia to play in Final (24 and 29 December 2010) until finally the Word Utina cs AFF Cup champion for the first time.
If the Indonesian champion, jobs and responsibilities are not necessarily over. All parties must continue to maintain this achievement seriously and continuously.
Hopefully with the Indonesian national team appearances such as this can give the spirit and inspiration for all human sports, media, government and society at large to come and lift the name of Indonesia in the international arena.

Once the enormity of the national team of football euphoria in the arena of AFF, Indonesia must win, show on the world Malaysia is not nothing. So great ...............
Tickets, too, so the debate is overpriced, politicized, so all aspects of entry to them.
Players became celebrities, all worship, all mengelukannya.

The celebrities are also enthusiastically encouraging, hopefully no other purpose than to strengthen the ADA for team spirit eagle we really can win in AFF stage this time. After more and worse, always losing and losing.

Who queued patiently ticket, do not get ontok-ontokkan, thumbs up for you all "national team supporters", regardless of ticket price does not matter as long as they can see directly the national team competing.

Garudaku fight, fight, do not be careless, do not be proud past, prove if you really have a grip eagle is strong, not Garuda lenngah due praise. Prove that you can fly wherever the place, including in Malaysia.
GOOD WIN